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The budgetary framing where capital is represented as annual appropriation requiring periodic renewal. Budgets assume capital is consumed in the fiscal year; multi-year continuity requires repeated political authorization. Flow representation makes long-horizon capital structurally impossible within fiscal frameworks.
Infrastructure maintenance is budgeted as annual expense despite requiring 30-year planning horizons. The flow representation forces 50-year asset management into 1-year budget cycles.
LHC Section 3.1