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A scarcity response where low-capacity institutions add governance in response to pressure—new review stages, risk checks, stakeholder consultations, and documentation requirements. Serves three functions: deferring decision responsibility, redistributing accountability, and substituting visible activity for judgment. Results in increased governance density alongside decreased decisional clarity.
After each crisis, an institution adds another review layer. Over time, decisions must pass through multiple committees, each of which can delay but none of which will own the outcome. The institution appears more regulated but is less capable of deciding.
ACIJ Section 7.2