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A failure mode where delegated cognition fragments decision-making across technical, organisational, and human layers. When outcomes are challenged, responsibility dissolves: the vendor, the data, the model, the integrator, the user. Without COA, responsibility becomes unassignable not through malice but through architecture.
A hiring algorithm produces discriminatory outcomes. The vendor blames the training data; the data team blames historical records; HR blames the vendor; leadership blames HR. Everyone acted reasonably; no one is responsible. Accountability diffused through interfaces.
Section 6.4: Responsibility Diffusion