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The root cause of post-hoc governance pathologies: institutions fail to explicitly articulate what they exist to sustain over time, which values or outcomes are non-negotiable, where discretion is appropriate, and how trade-offs should be navigated. Without such specification, governance has no stable reference point.
A university's mission states 'excellence in education' but never specifies whether this means research prestige, student outcomes, access equity, or vocational preparation—so every budget decision becomes contested terrain.
Pre-Gov Section 3.5