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irsa.institute › library › ppp
The failure of PPPs is not empirical, ideological, or managerial—it is architectural. Five structural failure modes (fragility coupling, temporal misalignment, extraction, contractual rigidity, civic opacity) recur across jurisdictions and asset classes. Part 1 of the PPP trilogy — the instrument specified to answer its architectural requirements is CADA.
Where it sits. Part 1 of the PPP trilogy. Diagnostic applying Capital and Learning trunks to infrastructure failure. Identifies five structural failure modes that any viable alternative must address — the four architectural requirements derived here are satisfied by the CADA instrument.
The long-form argument for this work still lives on the existing explainer at /case-studies/diagnoses/ppp. This page carries the abstract and the corpus metadata — the frame the argument would move into unchanged.
The works either side of this one in the canon order — what it builds on and what builds on it.
Where to go once you have the argument — the paper it comes from, the instrument that measures it, or the next thing it depends on.